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BOUT IT!! BOUT IT!! |
Saturn is the sixth planet from the sun and is the second largest in the solar system.
Its diameter is 119,300km. Saturn is visibly flattened at the poles as a result of its fast rotation
on its axis. Its day is only 10 hours and 30 minutes long and it takes 29.5 Earth years to revolve
around the sun. Saturn's atmosphere is made up of Hydrogen with small amounts of Helium and Methane.
Saturn is the only planet less dense then water.
Saturn has a system of many rings. The rings are split into different parts which is composed
of the bright A and B rings and a fainter C ring. The most known gap in the rings is the Cassini Division,
which seperates the A and B rings. The Encke Division splits the A ring into parts. The main rings are
made up of a large number of narrow ringlets. It is thought that the rings have been produced from larger
moons that were shattered by comet and meteoroid impacts. The make-up of the rings is not really certain
but the rings do show that they contain a significant amount of water. They may also be made up of iceburgs
and/or snowballs from a few centimeters to a few meters in length. Much of the structure of the rings
is due to the gravitational effects of near by moons.
Saturn has 18 known moons, the largest number of moons of any planet in the solar system. There
are also some moons that are unconfirmed. One of these unconfirmed moons circles in the orbit of Dione,
a second is located between the orbits of Tethys and Dione, and a third is between Dione and Rhea.
There are several generalizations that can be made about Saturn's moons. For instance, only Titan
has an appreciable atmosphere. Most of the moons rotate in a synchronous matter. The exceptions are
Hyperion and Phoebe, which both have a chaotic orbit.
| Saturn's Moons | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Moon | Number | Radius (km) | Mass (kg) | Distance (km) | Discoverer | Date |
| Pan | XVIII | 9.655 | ? | 133,583 | M. Showalter | 1990 |
| Atlas | XV | 20 x 15 | ? | 137,640 | R. Terrile | 1980 |
| Prometheus | XVI | 72.5 x 42.5 x 32.5 | 2.7e+17 | 139,350 | S. Collins | 1980 |
| Pandora | XVII | 57 x 42 x 31 | 2.2e+17 | 141,700 | S. Collins | 1980 |
| Epimetheus | X | I72 x 54 x 49 | 5.6e+17 | 151,422 | R. Walker | 1966 |
| Janus | X | 98x96x75 | 2.01e+18 M | 151,472 | A. Dollfus | 1966 |
| Mimas | I | 196 | 3.80e+19 | 185,520 | W. Herschel | 1789 |
| Enceladus | II | 250 | 8.40e+19 | 238,020 | W. Herschel | 1789 |
| Tethys | III | 530 | 7.55e+20 | 294,660 | G. Cassini | 1684 |
| Telesto | XIII | 17x14x13 | ? | 294,660 | B. Smith | 1980 |
| Calypso | XIV | 17x11x11 | ? | 294,660 | B. Smith | 1980 |
| Dione | IV | 560 | 1.05e+21 | 377,400 | G. Cassini | 1684 |
| Helene | XII | 18x16x15 | ? | 377,400 | Laques-Lecacheux | 1980 |
| Rhea | V | 765 | 2.49e+21 | 527,040 | G. Cassini | 1672 |
| Titan | VI | 2,575 | 1.35e+23 | 1,221,850 | C. Huygens | 1655 |
| Hyperion | VII | 205x130x110 | 1.77e+19 | 1,481,000 | W. Bond | 1848 |
| Iapetus | VIII | 730 | 1.88e+21 | 3,561,300 | G. Cassini | 1671 |
| Phoebe | IX | 110 | 4.0e+18 | 12,952,000 | W. Pickering | 1898 |